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Background
and Study aim: The
target for a schistosoma vaccine or treatment is
the reduction in morbidity. The
hope for vaccine or treatment is to
decrease worm burden and egg pathology to the least
percentage, this work aimed to
compare between schistosomulaelung stage
antigen (SLAP) with and without adjuvant (IL12) and artesunate (ART) treatment
regarding their effect especially on liver cell
apoptosis.
Materials & Methods: Schistosomulae were extracted from the lungs
18 days post infection with Schistosomamansoni.
Eight groups of Swiss albino mice (8 mice each
group) were classified as follows: Group A was served as healthy control group,
group B was infected with ±100 cercariae and served as infected control group,
group C infected then treated by artesunate monotherapy (400 mg/kg) single oral dose 6 weeks post infection. Group
D was immunized with 50 ug of SLAP then infected, group E infected then
treated by artesunate monotherapy (400 mg/kg) single
oral dose 3 weeks post infection, group F was immunized with 50ug of SLAP and 100ug of IL12, group G was immunized with 50ug of SLAP and 100 ug of
IL12 then infected then treated by artesunate monotherapy (400 mg/kg) single
oral dose 6 weeks post infection, group H was immunized with 50 ug of SLAP and 100ug of IL12 infected then
treated by artesunate monotherapy (400 mg/kg) single oral dose 3 weeks post
infection. All groups vaccinated with SLAP vaccine
were given booster doses after 2 weeks of the
first doses. Seven weeks post
infection mice were sacrificed for parasitological parameters measurements
(worm burden, tissue egg load andoogram pattern), histopathological and immunohistochemical
studies using P53 and Bcl-2 markers for determination of liver cells apoptosis.
Results &
Conclusion: Apoptosis
detected by immunohistochemical studies is a good evaluation method. IL12
potentiated the protective effect of SLAP vaccine, ART 3 weeks post infection
is better than 6-week post infection in reduction of liver pathology and
apoptosis. The combination of both (SLAP+IL12+ART 3-week post infection) is the
best regarding the reduction of tissue egg count, worm burden, hepatic
immunopathology and apoptosis.
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