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Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is a chronic, often unrecognized form of the
disease with a complicated clinical course and significant airway
complications.
Objective: The aim of
this study was to evaluate common clinical features amongst individuals with
bronchoscopic biopsy proven EBTB during a 20-year period in Serbia.
Design: An
observational study of 212 patients with bronchoscopic biopsy proven EBTB
between January 1993.and December 2012. Retrospective case note review was
undertaken, including all clinical, microbiological and radiological evidence,
at the University Hospital for Pulmonology, Belgrade.
Results: All
patients were Caucasian and HIV-negative, with a male to female ratio of
1.28:1. Every patient had an abnormal chest X-ray. The most common endoscopic
features were oedematous hyperaemic (39.2%) and nonspecific bronchitis (35.8%).
Microbiological culture rate was 64.6%. Sputum culture was positive in 55.2%,
bronchial washing culture positive in 36.8%, and both in 27.4%.
Conclusion: Most
patients with EBTB have concurrent pulmonary lesions. Bronchoscopy is an
essential diagnostic tool for EBTB. Early diagnosis and early onset of therapy
is of crucial importance to prevent the development of broncho stenosis.
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