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The adenoid cystic carcinoma is a singularly well named malignancy. Thus,
it was recognizable in the breast far back in 1881. Curiously, in albino skins,
where the squamous variety holds sway, it has been reported on personally.
Therefore, although it is held to spread slowly into adjacent tissues, its
occurrence among the Igbo ethnic group in Nigeria is deemed worthy of
documentation with special reference to the worldwide age patterns.
Keywords: Adenoid cystic
carcinoma, History, Age, Epidemiology, Developing community
INTRODUCTION
The strikingly well
named adenoid cystic carcinoma is worthy of research. In fact, so recognizable
was it back in 1881 that I was able to draw attention to it [1]. In the words
of Evans [2], this carcinoma tends “to spread slowly into the adjacent
tissues.” A documented local example concerned a colonic case involving a
surgeon who survived extirpation and is well in his 80s [3]. Accordingly, with
reference to the Igbo ethnic group [4], research on its involvement of the
parotid gland is deemed worthy of documentation.
INVESTIGATION
A Birmingham (UK)
group proposed that the establishment of a histopathology data pool facilitates
epidemiologic analysis [5]. In this context, the author in 1970 became the
pioneer head of such a data pool established by the then Government of the
Eastern Region of Nigeria at the Capital City, Enugu. Having encouraged the
local physicians to send biopsy materials complete with epidemiologic data, I
amassed materials whose copies I kept personally. For this study, the chosen
organ was the parotid. It requires tabulation as to the data on the diagnosed
adenoid cystic carcinoma.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The age range was from
24 to 75 years (mean 44.7 years). The Tunisian patient was similar in that the
age was 47 years [6].
In the Turkish
patient, the girl was aged only 14 years [7]. From India, the 29 year old male
was also younger than the local case [8]. The Italian report generalized that
those less than 50 years fared better [9] (Table
1).
CONCLUSION
Older age groups were involved in reports from Japan [10], India [11]
and Chile [12]. This was not the case in this developing community. Moreover,
the male/female ratio was 1:1. Therefore, these data are deemed to be
contributions to the epidemiology of parotid cystic adenoid carcinoma even if
only one case was correctly diagnosed provisionally. Incidentally, carcinomas
accounted for most other lesions, while 2 cases were suspected as being benign.
1. Onuigbo WIB (2017) Early case of mammary
adenoid cystic carcinoma described in 1881. J Gynecol Women’s Health 6:
JGWH.MS.ID.555689.
2. Evans RW (1968) Histological appearances of
tumors. 2nd Edn, Edinburgh and London: E. & S. Livingstone, p:
931.
3. Onuigbo WIB (2016) Epidemiology of adenoid
cystic carcinoma of the breast in a developing community. JOJ Case Stud 1:
555557.
4. Basden GT (1966) Niger Ibos. Lond: Cass.
5. Macartney JC, Rollaston TP, Codling BW (1980)
Use of a histopathology data pool for epidemiological analysis. J Clin Pathol
33: 351-355.
6. Ayadi K, Ayadi L, Daoud E, Mnif Z, Ben Mahfoudh
K, et al. (2010) Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid with facial nerve
invasion. Tunis Med 88: 46-48.
7. Bahadir O, Livaoglu M, Ural A (2008) Adenoid
cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland: Anastamosis of the facial nerve with the
great auricular nerve after radical parotidectomy. Indian J Plast Surg 41:
201-205.
8. Das S, Nayak UK, Buggavetti R, Sekbar S
(2016) Adenoid cystic carcinoma of accessory parotid gland: A case report. J
Oral Maxillofacial Surg 74: 1097.el-1097.e5.
9. Mannelli G, Cecconi L, Fasolati M, Santoro R,
Franchi A, et al. (2017) Parotid adenoid cystic carcinoma: Retrospective single
institute analysis. Am J Otolaryngol 38: 394-400.
10. Takano M, Watanabe A, Matsuzaka K (2019) A
quite-small adenoid cystic carcinoma in a patient with parotid gland
sialolithiasis. Oral Health and Care 2: 1-3.
11. Harish K, Gouri M (2004) Adenoid cystic
carcinoma of the parotid metastasizing to liver: Case report. BMC Cancer 4: 41.
12. Ilson S, Michael F, Enrique P, Pablo O,
Carolina D (2015) Parotid adenoid cystic carcinoma: A case report and review of
the literature. Oncol Cancer Case Rep 1: 101.
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